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FROM GOOD Science TO GOOD HEALTH
Educational Videos
Gynecomastia
Gynecomastia or "gyno" is an overdevelopment or enlargement of the breast tissue in men or boys. Affected breasts often grow unevenly and are painful. Gyno is typically caused by changes in levels of the female hormone (estrogen) and the male hormone (testosterone). Most cases happen when boys go through puberty. But it can also happen to new born babies and older men. It often goes away on its own but in some cases hormone therapy is required. Failing that, surgery can help.
The Endocrine System
The endocrine system is a complex network of glands and organs that regulate a wide range of bodily processes. It uses hormones to control and coordinate your body's metabolism, energy level, reproduction, growth and development, and response to injury, stress, and mood.
Prostate Cancer
The prostate is a small gland in men located below the bladder that is responsible for secreting one of the components of semen. Prostate cancer occurs when a normal prostate cell becomes altered and starts growing in an uncontrolled way to form tumors. In most cases, these tumors grow slowly and take years until they are large enough to be noticeable. They can take even longer to spread outside the prostate, or metastasize. The 5-year survival rate for men diagnosed with local or regional prostate cancer is better than 99%. However, in some cases the tumours grow and spread so require more urgent treatment.
Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Breast cancers can have receptors for the female hormones, oestrogen and progesterone. Cancers that have receptors for oestrogen are called oestrogen receptor positive or ER positive (ER+) breast cancer and account for about three quarters of all breast cancers. Oestrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast cancers have very low levels of oestrogen receptors. Hormone therapies can work very well for cancers that are oestrogen receptor positive. They stop oestrogen from stimulating the cancer cells to grow and divide.